Mobile ad-hoc network routing protocols of time-critical events for search and rescue missions

The most important experiences we discovered from several disasters are that cellular networks were vulnerable, and the loss of communication system may have a catastrophic consequence. Mobile ad-hoc (MANETs) play significant role in construction campus, resident, battlefield search/rescue region. MANET is an appropriate network for supporting where no permanent infrastructure. effective uses to establishing urgent between rescue members critical situations like, disaster or natural calamities. sending receiving data depending on routing protocols adapt dynamic topology maintain information. Consequently, This paper evaluates performance three MANET: on-demand distance vector (AODV), destination sequenced (DSDV), multipath (AOMDV). These inherent different types protocols: single-path, multi-path, reactive proactive mechanisms. NS2 simulator utilized evaluate quality these protocols. Several metrics used assess such: packet delivery ratio (PDR), ratios (PLR), throughput (TP), end-to-end delay (E2E delay). outcomes reveal AOMDV suitable protocol time-critical events search missions.